Vanadium Batteries Could Break Lithium's Grip on Energy Storage
Bernstein Sets Long-Term Oil Price Target At $75 Per Barrel Haley Zaremba is an energy journalist and researcher with more than a decade of professional experience covering global energy systems, land and natural resources, and… next-gen battery systems that form the future of energy storage and break lithium’s chokehold on global clean energy tech supply chains.
The batteries show particular promise for energy storage applications, and could soon be a promising solution for long-term energy storage as energy grids become increasingly reliant on variable energy sources like wind and solar power.
VRFBs function by storing energy in liquid electrolytes.
These liquid electrolytes contain vanadium ions in four different states of oxidation, kept in two separate tanks.
“During charging and discharging, vanadium ions continuously switch states to store and release energy,” Interesting Engineering explained in areportpublished earlier this week.
“This reversible reaction process greatly improves the battery’s reliability and long-term performance.” The liquid form of the batteries also means that VRFBs don’t carry the risk of fire or explosion that lithium-ion batteries do.
In addition to the relative safety they offer, VRFBs have several critical advantages compared to other leading energy storage options.
The simplicity of their design leads to ease of operation and manufacturing with no risk of solution contamination, moderate efficiency compared to other battery forms (with a performance rate of between 70 and 90 percent in a laboratory setting), and “lower levels of gas evolution during quick charge cycles relative to other flow batteries” according to areviewpublished in the Journal of Energy storage back in 2019.
This means that VRFBs tend to have a longer-than-average life cycle as compared to conventional batteries as the liquid electrolytes degrade relatively slowly.
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What is more, the liquid electrolyte design offers critical design flexibility, as the batteries can be configured in a diverse range of shapes and sizes.
Plus, VRFB technology is highly scalable due to the separation of the energy storage component and the power generation cell stacks.
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